Photoshop :: Image With Color Picker To See Pixel Values

Sep 22, 2013

I'm using a Canon 40D, Photoshop 6 and a Mac Mini running OSX 10.8.4.
 
I'm loading a RAW image from my Camera into Photoshop in 16 bit mode.  As I understand it, my Canon 40D has a 12-bit A/D and RAW images have a 12 bit depth out of the camera.  Loading them in 8-bit depth would lose some dynamic range/resolution, so I choose to load them in 16 bit mode.
 
Once the RAW image is in Photoshop in 16 bits, I scroll over parts of the image with the color picker to see the pixel values.  This is where I lose understanding of what's going on.  The color picker shows pure white values as 32768 and pure black values as zero.  Apparently Photoshop (or Camera Raw) is shifting the 12-bit camera data up to fill the top 16 bits in Photoshop.  But this is not entirely true!  If it truly shifted all 12 camera bits into the 12 MSBs of the 16 bit Photoshop value, wouldn't the max white value be 65535??  If the 12 bits were shifted into the 15th bit, wouldn't the max value be 32767??  Where does 32768 come from?  Also, what is Photoshop putting into the LSBs after it does the shifting?
 
I'm trying to do some averaging of lots of low light exposures using Linear Dodge in 16 bit mode.  If photoshop indeed shifts the 12-bit camera values to the MSB of the 16 bit word, I'll eventually run into clipping when I sum my images.  I'd have to go to 32-bit mode and that really slows down my system, almost to the point of uselessness.
 
What's going on in 16-bit mode? 

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[URL]

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[URL]........

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[URL].........
 
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